The maths really does depend on your panel voltage relative to your battery bank. Where PWM genuinely holds its own is when your panel's nominal voltage closely matches the battery — a 12V panel...
After last winter's grid outage at my marina — three days with no shore power — I've been thinking hard about what a sensible backup system actually looks like for a liveaboard.
MrBodge | 📍 Array
Worth adding: flat panels in winter suffer badly from the low sun angle but the Fens compound this with their notorious haar and freezing fog sitting for days at a time.
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